A geographic information system (GIS) links hardware, software, and people to collect, manage, analyze, map, store, update, and present a wide variety of data about human or animal populations, environmental events, and the places where they interact. GIS connects all manner of quantitative data to a base map by integrating location data (i.e., where things are) with all types of descriptive, analytic or predictive information (i.e., the conditions that exist—or will exist—at the place(s) under study).